Miscellaneous

May rituals be recited in languages other than Panjabi? Are copies of Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji in other languages as effective as those written in Panjabi, why/why not?

A text once translated loses its original message and purity. The translation is a product of human intellect whereas Gurbani is the revealed message. Original text is divine and translation is not. Other languages have deficiencies when it comes to writing, reading and pronouncing Gurbani. So no ceremony or any part of Sikh practice can be replaced with translation. Service should be provided for non-Punjabi speakers but Punjabi cannot be replaced.